Mamiya Universal Mamiya Super 23 Mamiya Press Mamiya Super 23 Mamiya Universal
Mamiya Universal, Super 23, and Mamiya Press Rangefinders


Rangefinder Medium Format Cameras
by Robert Monaghan

Index:

Related Local Articles and Links:
Koni-Omega Rapid Rangefinder Press Camera
Mamiya Universal Rangefinder Press Camera
Mamiya Super 23 Rangefinder Press Camera
Medium Format On a Budget
Rangefinders (35mm, MF, mostly Russian..)
Leica Clones (LTM clone lenses, mostly Russian..)
MF Rangefinders.. (Michael Liu, Fuji G690..)

Related Links:
Rangefinder Related Posts on Medium Format Digest
Rangefinder Renaissance 35mm.. (Bob Shell, Beststuff.com) [8/2002]

Describe MF Rangefinder (RF) Cameras

Rangefinder cameras use an optical viewfinder to suggest the image that you will record on film. Some MF rangefinders have interchangeable lenses, often necessitating complex cams and other tricks to off-set the viewfinder image to reflect the lens area of coverage in the viewfinder.

Rangefinder advantages include lighter weight than SLRs and lower noise, both due in part to the lack of a moving mirror. Without a mirror, lenses can be mounted closer to the film plane, without complex optical retrofocus designs. More compact designs can mean lower weight and smaller size too.

Rangefinder disadvantages include the inability to know precisely what will be on film. Lower end rangefinders forego the complex cams and viewfinder masks in favor of bright lines indicating lens coverage in the viewfinder.

Most MF rangefinders come with only one fixed lens. Where interchangeable lenses are available, the number is usually limited and very model specific (partly due to the coupling cams). Typically, you get a normal lens, a moderate wide angle, and a moderate telephoto lens option. A number of MF rangefinders such as the Koni-Omega and Mamiya Press and Super 23 cameras use interchangeable lenses.

Some rangefinders such as the Mamiya Universal permit using interchangeable backs, including a Polaroid back. A ground glass back makes precise focusing possible, sometimes with associated view camera like movements. You may be able to use multiple formats too, such as 6x4.5cm, 6x6, 6x7, 6x9, and even beyond with the right interchangeable backs. The camera body shell just holds the back and lens together with the viewfinder, and usually features an accessory hand-grip or strobe mount option.

Naturally, there are also many lower end rangefinder roll-film cameras that fit in the gap between collector status and low end user cameras. Be wary of problems, as repairs are often difficult or impossible without a parts donor camera.

The Mamiya and Koni-Omega rangefinders can often be purchased for as little as $150 US and up. But be sure to check out the cost and rarity of desired lenses and backs and accessories before buying! Some models are much more flexible in terms of the backs they take (e.g., Mamiya Universal). This approach can be a very satisfying way to enjoy a low-cost, light weight MF camera with multiple lenses and many format options through the use of low-cost standard backs.

See the listings of current medium format rangefinders, particularly the Mamiya 6MF (6x6cm and masks for 6x4.5cm and 24mmx54mm) and Mamiya 7 (6x7cm) rangefinders for the high end. Mamiya offers a 43mm f/4.5 (21mm equiv on 35mm), 65mm f/4 (32mm equiv on 35mm), normal 80mm f/4 (39mm equiv on 35mm), and 150mm f/4.5 (71mm equiv on 35mm) lenses. Costs are similar to high end current Hasselblad systems.



From: "Tony" [email protected]
Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format
Subject: Re: Any other 6x7 camera with Polaroid back? Date: Wed, 18 Mar 1998 >Hi, I just wonder is there any other 6x7 camera with Polaroid back >besides Mamiya RZ67 and RB67? > Mamiya 7


rec.photo.equipment.medium-format
From: "Jerry Houston" [email protected]
1] Re: Desiring medium format--help!!
Date: Thu Apr 16 21:45:58 CDT 1998

James M. Cate wrote...
>
>What exactly is a "rangefinder camera"? Is this a twin lens, or SLR, or 
bellows
>type, or what? Sorry for the lack of knowledge about this subject.Also, 
is it
>correct that  these rangefinder cameras were made by several 
manufacturers over
>the years, and are available used for around $400. I understand that 
they may
>use one of the medium format roll film sizes still widely available.- What
>size?     

An optical rangefinder is a device that combines two images into one when it is adjusted to match the distance to the subject. In the very early days, rangefinders were sold as small separate instruments that could be used to determine how far away a subject was, so you could accurately set the distance on the focus scale of a camera. Some were designed to fit into an accessory shoe (like a flash shoe) on top of a camera.

Later cameras were designed with built-in "coupled" rangefinders, so that as you adjusted the focus, a double image seen through the viewfinder would appear to "come together" when you got the distance right. That's the kind that most people refer to when they speak of a "rangefinder camera."

Typically it means a camera that is not a reflex camera, that is, you do not look through a taking or viewing lens to focus, but look through a viewfinder instead. Compared to an SLR, a rangefinder camera is usually quieter and operates with less vibration, since there is no mirror movement - only the shutter blades operate when you take a picture. (Of course, SLR's have their own important advantages as well.)

Your other conclusions are correct. Nearly all medium format rangefinder cameras use 120 film, and many are also able to use 220, which is twice as long and offers twice the exposures per roll. Typical negative sizes are from 6x4.5 cm to 6x19 cm, with 6x6, 6x7 and 6x9 the most common. They're all 6 x , since that's the approximate width of the film. (6 cm is about 2 /1/4 inches.)

Many companies have made medium format rangefinder cameras, and some still do. Some were designed for amateur "tourist" type use, but many were meant for hard and critical use, by photojournalists, wedding photographers and other professionals. Some of the better older ones are available in good usable condition at very attractive prices today, and those are the ones I had in mind when I posted that original message.


rec.photo.equipment.medium-format
From: [email protected] (Chris Ellinger)
[1] Re: rangefinder 6x6's?
Date: Tue Jan 19 14:51:02 CST 1999

Victor Balaban [email protected] wrote:

> What do people find to be
> the advantages/disadvantages of rangefinder & non-rangefinder medium
> formats?

Rangefinder pros:

Good low-light focusing and framing.
Continuous view of subject.
Small, quiet, and lightweight.
View not affected by dense filters.
Advantageous for wide angle lens designs.

Rangefinder cons:

Frame is only approximate.
Needs parallax compensation for close focus.
Focus only in center, may require re-framing after focusing.
No depth of field preview.
Difficult to use polarizer.
Inaccurate at long subject distance.

I use a Mamiya M7 for studio and environmental portraits, and find it to be excellent for that purpose.

Chris Ellinger
Ann Arbor, MI


rec.photo.equipment.medium-format
From: [email protected] (DKeysser)
[1] Re: rangefinder 6x6's?
Date: Sat Jan 30 16:40:31 CST 1999

>I am thinking to buy a medium format (finally) and am still trying 
>to get familiar with what's out there.  I noticed a Mamiya 6 in a shop 
>the other day & it occurred to me that I hadn't really seen any other
>rangefinder 6x6's out there.  Are there any other makes out there besides
>I am thinking to buy a medium format (finally) and am still trying
>to get familiar with what's out there.  I noticed a Mamiya 6 in a shop
>the other day & it occurred to me that I hadn't really seen any other
>rangefinder 6x6's out there.  Are there any other makes out there besides
>the Mamiya 6?  Why aren't they more popular?  What do people find to be
>the advantages/disadvantages of rangefinder & non-rangefinder medium
>formats?
>
>       Thanks,
>
>Victor

First of all, yes, there are other rangefinder medium-formats. Specifically, Fuji makes a wonderful line of cameras, from 6x4.5 to 6x17 panoramic. I have the GA645 and the GSW690. Superb optics.

>the Mamiya 6?  Why aren't they more popular?  What do people find to be
>the advantages/disadvantages of rangefinder & non-rangefinder medium
>formats? 
> > Thanks, 
> >Victor 

First of all, yes, there are other rangefinder medium-formats. Specifically, Fuji makes a wonderful line of cameras, from 6x4.5 to 6x17 panoramic. I have the GA645 and the GSW690. Superb optics.

The distinction and tradeoffs between rangefinder and SLR are exactly the same as in the 35mm world. Rangefinders are relatively less popular than SLRs for the same reasons: fewer lens choices, no macro, no zooms (one exception), no long telephotos, difficult to frame precisely, difficult to use polarizing filters. Rangefinders in medium format also have the same advantages as in 35mm: quieter and often more appropriate for street and theater photography, usually smaller and lighter, and in some cases easier to focus in low illumination.

Rent different cameras before you buy.

Don Keysser


From: [email protected] (Chris Ellinger)
Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format
Subject: Re: rangefinder 6x6's?
Date: Tue, 19 Jan 1999

Victor Balaban [email protected] wrote:

> What do people find to be
> the advantages/disadvantages of rangefinder & non-rangefinder medium
> formats?

Rangefinder pros:  

Good low-light focusing and framing.
Continuous view of subject.
Small, quiet, and lightweight.
View not affected by dense filters.
Advantageous for wide angle lens designs.

Rangefinder cons:

Frame is only approximate.
Needs parallax compensation for close focus.
Focus only in center, may require re-framing after focusing.
No depth of field preview.
Difficult to use polarizer.
Inaccurate at long subject distance.

I use a Mamiya M7 for studio and environmental portraits, and find it to be excellent for that purpose.

Chris Ellinger
Ann Arbor, MI


[Ed. note: while not med fmt rangefinder, I thought this post on the revival of the Leica classic rangefinders might be of interest to you too?]
rec.photo.equipment.35mm
From: [email protected]
[1] Re: rangefinder leica alternative?
Date: Wed Mar 31 15:12:30 CST 1999

Dante Stella [email protected] wrote:

>Wow!
>> http://www.cameraquest.com/yasuhp.htm
>Where can I get one?

It looks like you can't. If you'd have dug a little deeper through the links you'd have gotten to these web pages:

http://www.yasuhara.co.jp/t981-e.html
http://www.yasuhara.co.jp/reserve-e.html

Apparently they were originally going release at the end of 1998 and only in Japan. They were planning on only selling 100 per month. They opened a reservation system and within 3 months they had 2300 reservations (in Japan only). As a result, they decided to change their manufacturing to handle a larger volume which in turn created a delay for the actual release date so they hope to start shipping within Japan this spring. When they opened an English language web page they started getting more email from outside Japan than inside. They don't currently have a system set up for those of us outside Japan so they say to check back to their web page periodically until they do. If you want one, you'll probably have to talk to a dealer in Japan.

One thing to note about this camera is that since it uses a 3rd party SLR shutter, it's not quite as light tight as one would like for a rangefinder so they recomend that you keep the lens cap on except when you are metering (it's TTL metering) or shooting to avoid fogging.

The price is 55000 yen (about $463) and they aren't making lenses. Initially the intent is for people to use use old Leica L screw mount lenses. They say they plan to eventually also offer new lenses. This would be nice as old lenses don't have modern anti-flare coatings (and I'm assuming their new ones would).

Still, it's cool to see a new affordable rangefinder with some nice modern features (TTL metering, 1/2000 top speed, 1/125 flash sync) available. They state that the intent is for this to be a nice casual use camera and keeping the price down is one of their stated goals. They also want to avoid being collectable. It's a camera that's meant to be used rather than admired. I hope the company does well enough that they can afford to develop a more light tight shutter and offer a nice array of modern lenses; at that point I'll probably be interested.

--KAS


From: "John Shafer" [email protected]
Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format
Subject: Re: Using Filters with Rangefinders
Date: Fri, 6 Aug 1999

I have a Mamiya Universal 6x7 rangefinder. For good landscapes you have to be able to use a polarizer, so I've got some experience here.

It's kind of cheesy. but there's no other way really- you have to hold the filter up to your eye and rotate it for the amount of filtration you want, and then hold it in front of the lens. You can't actually screw it onto the lens, because then you won't have the same amount of polarization anymore. However, I've been doing this for a few years and the results are good. Every once in a while I don't get full coverage or a little vignetting, but I expose extra film just in case that happens.

Good luck!

John Shafer
[email protected]
www.photographyreview.com
www.consumerreview.com


From: [email protected] (Joshua_Putnam)
Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format
Subject: Re: Using Filters with Rangefinders
Date: 6 Aug 1999

>It's kind of cheesy. but there's no other way really- you have to hold the
>filter up to your eye and rotate it for the amount of filtration you want,
>and then hold it in front of the lens. You can't actually screw it onto the
>lens, because then you won't have the same amount of polarization anymore.

You need to put an index mark on your filter if it doesn't already have one, and then you can repeat the alignment after screwing it on. If you don't mind an extra filter in the pack, carry two polarizers with matched index marks, then you can view through one filter and turn the other to match.

--

[email protected] is Joshua Putnam / P.O. Box 13220 / Burton, WA 98013


[Ed.note: regarding compact modern small rf/vf...]
Date: Fri Mar 31 22:33:35 CST 2000
rec.photo.equipment.medium-format
From: LoveThePenguin [email protected]
[1] Re: Fuji Medium Format Rangefinders

You'll find a used GS645 fold-up body to be selling for about the same price as a used GA645 autofocus body. The GS has slightly faster lens and folds up to half the other's size. The GA gives you AF and program modes. The GS will give you better focus control as you focus with the standard double-image method. The GA gives you a cropping mask in the finder. It works pretty well, but doesn't keep the center AF spot always in the middle. (It has to adjust for distance somehow, so you use focus lock and then reframe as required. Focus lock is achieved simply by holding the shutter release button 1/2 way. The metering and focus both lock with this action.)

I have a GA645, but a GS would be a nice addition. Maybe I'll give up my Pentax 35mm .... na.


Date: Fri Mar 31 17:42:49 CST 2000
rec.photo.equipment.medium-format
From: LoveThePenguin [email protected]
[1] Re: Fuji Medium Format Rangefinders

I've got one (GA645) and just love it. For landscapes it might be difficult, though, as the format is vertical -- ideal for people. It is, though, easy to hold horizontally.

Do these cameras hold up well?

I've had mine only a few months. No signs of looseness or other preliminary indication of problems

*Are the lenses of reasonable quality?

Extremely high quality. The only shortcoming is the speed. At f4.0 it's difficult to play with DOF and do work requiring extremely shallow DOF. But in general it's sharp, contrasty, and clean.

*Are the meters accurate?

I shoot print film, usually the Kodak VC. Excellent results.

You've got a big enough neg that the slightly wide GA645, @ 60mm, is like putting a 35mm on your 35mm camera. It will give you a nice wide image and won't lose detail because of too much in the image.


Date: Fri, 21 May 1999
From: "Benno Jones" [email protected]
Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format
Subject: Re: Koni Rapid Omega 100/200 vs. Mamiya Universal Press

I got a Mamiya Super 23 (precursor to the Universal Press with a bellows back) two months ago and am so far very happy with it. I will mention that it is my first professional-level camera and my first totally manual camera so I am still getting used to it and can't really compare it to anything but my 35mm equipment. I have the 100, 150 and 250 f8 lenses and all seem very good compared to my Nikon 35mm lenses. I have the regular ground glass back, the right-angle finder back (very useful for macro focusing when it's bright out), 2 6x9 backs (a 6x7 back and a 6x7 multi format back on order), and the extension ring set. All the pieces are of very good quality. The main thing you have to look out for with the film backs is that the original light seals tend to be worn out. You can get them replaced or do it yourself, I've seen a description of what to do I believe on Robert Monaghan's site.

There are a number of good lenses (50, 65, 90 and 250 f5) and accessories out there for the Mamiya Press/Universal system and they can generally be had for a decent price. The main "drawback" to the Press/Universal system is that you always have to remember to cock the shutter, remove the dark slide, make sure you advanced the film, etc. I think on my first roll of film I had about 2 images that hadn't been screwed up to some degree. I still occasionally forget to remove the dark slide, but at least if I notice before I advance the film, I can just re-shoot the image! I put "drawback" in quotes because while this does mean that shooting quickly is difficult, it does make you plan out your shot more. I find myself putting a lot more time into composition, etc. than I had been, so my photography overall has improved.

I too was making a decision between the KO and the Press/Universal a few months ago and I basically decided by getting the first excellent condition system for a good price that came along, it happened to be the Mamiya.

Good luck with your decision!

Benno Jones

greg kerr wrote

>I am looking on moving up from my first medium format camera, a
>Yashicamat 124G to something offering more versatility. I fall into the
>serious amateur wanting to turn part time semi-pro catagory with my main
>interests being landscape, portrait and   weddings. For now I am trying
>to find an affordable camera that can attempt to do it all. The C330 is
>in the running but I have also been researching the Koni Rapid Omega and
>Mamiya Universal Press cameras. I tend to be somewhat enthralled with
>6x7 and am wondering what opinions are on either of these cameras. I
>could be wrong but they seem more versatile than an older Pentax 6x7. As
>these are older cameras are they still easily serviced. I haven't as yet
>held either of these cameras in my hands so any opinions on how user
>friendly they are is most appreciated. Please remember that I am on a
>budget so I will likely be restricted to older equipment.


rec.photo.equipment.medium-format
From: [email protected] (Rosedco)
[1] Re: Most recent Plaubel Makina
Date: Tue Apr 25 21:58:28 CDT 2000

I have both - the Plaubel Makina 67 and the Fiji 6x7 - Both are excellent cameras - the Plaubel is more compact being a folder than the Fiji - If you don't need interchangeable lenses either camera will give superb photos. Prices range from $750 to $1000 usually - with the Plaubel being a bit more expensive than the Fiji.

Ed T


From: John Coan [email protected]
Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format
Date: Mon, 26 Jun 2000
Subject: MF Folder for Vacation?? WAS:Re: 35mm vs. 645 when travelling on vacation

I used to own a great 6 x 9 *folding* rangefinder camera made in the 50's that would have been great for travel. Literally, I could collapse it and fit it in my inside suit jacket pocket. It was a Voigtlaender Bessa II with 105/3.5 Color Skopar lens. No meter, unfortunately, so unless you are good at sunny 16 or guessing you'll need a small meter. Not real fast to load, and to advance film you have to keep watch on the ruby window while turning a knob. However.... this camera took *wonderful* pictures. The 6 x 9 cm format produces a really big negative that gives creamy sharp enlargements. A few facts: the camera gets only eight pictures on a roll of 120. The cable release socket takes a tapered thread release. Once you cock the shutter don't move the speed to the top speed, do this beforehand. If you forget, you can cover the lens and fire the shutter and set the speed then recock without wasting a frame (no film advance shutter interlock). I sold mine to get some cash to go towards another type of camera... these aren't real cheap unfortunately. I imagine there are other folders of this vintage that would be equally suitable for a traveling medium format rig -- as long as you don't need speedy operation or interchangeable lenses...

....


From: Grant Goodes [email protected]
Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format
Date: 04 Jul 2000
Subject: Re: Fuji RFs vs. Plaubel Makina

> Is there anybody out there who's owned both of these who'd like to
> comment on their suitability and durability as carry cameras for an
> active amatuer photojournalist?

I own a Plaubel Makina 670, and my friend had a Fuji 690 (since sold).

We went head-to-head several times. Optically, they were much the same, and of course, the 690 is a bigger negative. Size-wise, the 690 is quite large since it doesn't fold flat like the Plaubel. The Fuji has more plastic in its construction, but in fact is probably more robust than the Plaubel, since the Plaubel (unfortunately) uses a lot of brass in the film advance, and is prone to stripping if you're a bit rough with it (and parts are scarce to non-existant).

I dropped my Plaubel about half a meter (IN a padded case) and totaled the advance mechanism. All-in-all, given the exhorbitant prices being asked for a Plaubel these days, I'd go with the Fuji (and get the 690 since the 670 body is physically the same size, and you might as well get the bigger negative while you're at it).

grant..


From Rollei Mailing List:
Date: Mon, 17 Jul 2000
From: Matthew Phillips [email protected]
Subject: [Rollei] Re: Balda, was Vito C

I'd read reports that the Minox 110 cameras were also made by Balda, which, along with the news that the Vito C was from their plant, comes as a suprise to me. I'd never imagined that Balda survived as long as that. Kind of a shame too, because I'm quite fond of several late-'50's, early '60's Baldessa models I have in my collection. I probably paid a total of $60 for all three, but they're genuinely decent performers, feel great in the hand, and have nice finders and lenses. The Baldessa Ia in particular is a charmer, with its finger-tip focus wheel positioned right next to shutter release and bright rangefinder. Of the vintage compact rangefinder in my collection, it's one of my favorites.

Cheers,

M. Phillips


From: [email protected]
Date: Thu, 11 Jan 2001
Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format
Subject: Re: Which MF for a newbie?

Ron wrote:

> How much does a Graflex XL run?

Hi Ron. The Graflex XL is a system camera with interchangeable lenses, backs, viewers, etc., so the price of an outfit could vary considerably depending on components. A standard RF body with grip, a Zeiss 100mm 3.5 Tessar and a Graflex RH 10 back could be had for around $300. If, however you opted for the Rodenstock 58mm Grandagon and a Horseman 6x9 eight exposure back you could probably triple that, may be more.

The XL is a very versatile camera, but I'm not sure it's the best one for what you intend to do. It doesn't allow for movement to control focus or perspective, and the focus mechanism can be difficult to use in cold weather. I would suggest that you consider a technical camera like the " baby" Linhof, or a press camera like the Graflex Crown Graphic. The Linhof is orders of magnitude above the Graflex in sophistication, build quality, and of course expense, but if you use Zeiss that's nothing new to you. I have a Graflex Crown Graphic in 4x5 format with a rodenstock 135mm lens. It has proven capable of excellence and absolutely reliable. That being said I lust for a Linhof. My acquisitions are often driven more by emotion than reason, but that's fine with me. I've never regretted buying a camera. I wish you the best of luck.

Sincerely,

J. De Fehr


From: [email protected] (BandHPhoto)
Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format
Date: 07 Jan 2001
Subject: Re: Bronica RF645

Is there anybody has experience on this MF?

I handled a production sample for about an hour last week. The design and construction seem very very good. My only complaint was that the tele lens didn't have sufficient min focus for tight head shots, but then again, neither do the tele lenses for the Mamiya 7, the other interchangeable lens med format rangefinder on the market.

===============================

regards,
Henry Posner/B&H Photo-Video
http://www.bhphotovideo.com
[email protected]


Date: Sun, 7 Jan 2001
From: "Jeff Novick" [email protected]
Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format
Subject: Re: Bronica RF645

This has always been a weakness of rangefinder systems, but, then again, rangefinders are not really associated with taking of tight headshots.

This has been one of my complaints about the Bronica 150mm for the ETRS. Not the PE, but, the earlier models. You can't get close enough for a true tight closeup of a face. In my opinion, this is a design flaw that is all too common.

Jeff


Date: Sun, 14 Jan 2001
From: Terry Smith [email protected]
Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format
Subject: Re: Which MF for a newbie?

The rangefinder cameras have advantages and disadvantages.

Adv's:

No mirror vibration. This is the big one. Pics are amazingly sharp.

Flash synch at all shutter speeds with leaf shutter lenses.

Rangefinders are very easy to focus, especially with old tired eyes like mine.

Lightweight. Smaller and lighter than any MF SLR packages that I can think of.

Disadvs:

The viewfinder is always slightly off center of the lens. This only matters in close-ups.

Some rangefinders don't focus that closely. This may be a problem for some, but it wouldn't be for doing cityscapes.

Doesn't meter through the lens, so it takes a bit of getting used to. There is more image in the viewfinder than what will show up on the film. You have to use the framing lines in the viewfinder. I like it, some don't.

Filters must be compensated for since it's not metering through the lens.

All this said, I tried several MF systems and just recently bought a used Mamiya 6MF. I love it. The lenses are some of the best in terms of sharpness. It's light, very easy to carry around. I have a small camera bag that's about 6" square. It holds the body, a 75mm, a 150mm, a couple propacks of film, and a few accessories. There's even room, I think, for the 50mm lens that will be coming soon.

I think you should rent one and give it a try. It may not be your "thing", but it's worth checking out. If you can stand just one lens, a Fuji is a great camera.

Ron wrote:

> Something I'm very confused about: the difference between Rangefinders and
> "regular" MF cameras. Someone here answered my questions regarding this, but
> I am still confused: I've rented a Mamiya 645. It's great, no doubt about
> it. But the construction is very different from a 35slr. I just looked at
> the Mamiya 7II. It looks exactly like a typical 35mm slr. Is it "superior"
> to the 645? Is there some inherent advantage in the bulkier format (like,
> for instance, the top viewing Rollei 6001/3/8)? The 7ii seems, just by
> looking at an image on the computer screen, to be much more versatile. Am I
> missing something? (I will of course try it out in my rental spree).
>
> RON


From Rangefinder Mailing List:
Date: Sun, 11 Mar 2001
From: "Dante A. Stella" [email protected]
Subject: Re: [RF List] Medium Format Rangefinders

Are we talking about film mm by film mm or in terms of the finished prints?

The closest comparison is the Fuji G690 vs the 35mm RF. We'll say the 100/3.5 EBC Fujinon vs. a 50/2 Hexanon (or Summicron - there's no demonstrable difference).

In terms of finished prints of any size, the 6x9 tonality blows the 35mm right out of the water. In 6x9, Tri-X is a fine-grained, glowy film with creamy tones. In 35mm. Tri-X looks like oatmeal. Do this with Verichrome Pan (120) vs. Plus-X - or anything else 35mm, and again, no contest.

In terms of real resolution per film mm, I think the 6x9 lens is about two-thirds of 35mm, but the limiting factor is really the film. If you take Tri-X in both formats, a 5x5mm section looks exactly the same.

Consider that the 6x9 is enlarged about 1/3 as much as a 35mm frame, and you see why in practical use the MF delivers more. Of course, balance that against the huge size and weight of a Fuji 690 (especially an older, metal one) and you think a little harder.

In 645, the Fuji Super-EBC 60/4 (on the GA645) compares very favorably to any 35mm (on 35mm) SLR lens, in part because it is not retrofocus. This lens has elements small enough (element size plays a large role in resolution limits) to deliver massive resolution wide open. You can still get stellar results from one of these loaded with TX (at 1250), with less grain and greater sharpness on paper than a 35mm with TMZ or Delta.

So, long story short, it's an apples to oranges comparison.

Jeffery Smith wrote:

> There are several relatively recent medium format rangefinders on the
> market, including several from Fuji, Mamiya, and now Bronica. I had a  Mamiya
> 35 mm (500 TL) SLR in the 1960's, and a C330 (6x6 TLR) in the 1970's,  and
> wasn't really that impressed with their optics. Has anyone scrutinized  how a
> medium format rangefinder's optics compare with those of the 35 mm
> rangefinders of today (Leica, Konica, and Voightlander)?
>
> Jeffery Smith
> New Orleans, LA
> [email protected]


From Rangefinder Mailing List:
Date: Sun, 11 Mar 2001
From: "Dante A. Stella" [email protected]
Subject: Re: [RF List] Medium Format Rangefinders

Hi Austin -

The Fuji situation is one where it is really easy to overgeneralize.

The newest Fuji lenses are very, very sharp, but like you said, harsh. The original 6x9 100 3.5 is a Tessar and is actually quite pleasant (the current 90mm is a Planar-type). The other lens I have for it, the 180/5.6 has very nice focus falloff, and from the coma I would guess that it is a telephoto Sonnar (Fuji is very tight-lipped about its formulae - and I believe the 180 is the same one on the GX680). The current 60/4 is miserable as a portrait lens (too sharp, bokeh too wiry) but fantastic for travel use.

The speed issue is there, but you can shoot 3200 Delta in 120 with the same results you get with 400 Tmax in 35mm. That's a 3-stop speed gain, and the MF lenses are only 1-1/2 stop slower (3.5 on average vs. 2).

There should be less DOF on the MF cameras, but not by much. Of course, you have to use shorter shutter speeds.

Cheers
Dante

Austin Franklin wrote:

> > In terms of finished prints of any size, the 6x9 tonality blows
> > the 35mm right
> > out of the water.  In 6x9, Tri-X is a fine-grained, glowy film with  creamy
> > tones.  In 35mm. Tri-X looks like oatmeal.
>
> I agree with everything you said.  My biggest complaint with MF lenses,  with
> the exception of Hasselblad, and possibly Rollei...is they have very  coarse
> bokeh.  I do not like the Fuji bokeh.  It is nothing like that of my  Leica
> or even my Contax 35mm.  MF also just isn't fast enough...the fastest MF
> lense is 2.0...which has significant DOF compared to 1.4.


Date: Sat, 14 Jul 2001
From: [email protected] (Ryan)
Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.large-format
Subject: Focus Tip

I have been doiing some still life work with my 4x5 Speed Graphic and a roll film back. Using the rangefinder was a chore due to the low ambient lighting. I remembered an accessory you could get that projected a beam of light through the top of the rangefinder and when the two dots met you were in focus.

I decided to try to use a small flash light with limited success then tried my laser pointer and it worked just fine. The red dots were very easy to see. Cheap solution that worked. Thought I would pass it along.

I certainly would not recommend this technique for portrait work, laser light and eyes do not mix.

R.


From: "Jerry Fusselman" [email protected]>
Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format
Subject: Re: ND filter and Rangefinder Mamiya 7 II
Date: Thu, 10 Jan 2002 

Robert Monaghan writes:
>
> for closeups, the solution is easy, a wire framer that goes under the
> camera (eg tripod mount) and out to produce a U shaped frame at the
> precisely in focus distance (with lens set at infinity); tables are at
> http://people.smu.edu/rmonagha/mf/diopter.html for doing this easily
>
> for ND filters, you need a standard holder (Cokin..) modified with scales
> on both the filter(s) and side of the holder so you can line things up
> exactly and repeatedly. A series of test shots at various apertures, or
> sketches listing position and f/stop, can be used to generally place the
> zone of transition at various f/stops and for various compositions (rule
> of thirds etc). And bracketing helps in critical shots... ;-)
>
> similarly, you can calibrate a polarizer (many are already marked) and
> simply transfer readings from an eyelevel polarizer to those on the camera
> lens (or move the polarizer on and off preserving position).

Thanks Bob. Great ideas and an excellent strategy. You counsel testing for
advance preparation rather than a ground glass in the field. I would think
the advance testing you describe could be done, initially at least, with a
ground glass instead of film. Then you could test some of your conclusions
with actual film to be sure, yes?

That wire framer for closeups that you describe, would it be a self-made
item? What kind of wire? For hiking, I wonder if long pipe cleaners might be
made to work. I really want something that would pack small and light and
still be accurate for proper distance and framing. I guess it should be
collapsable. Sounds difficult---am I asking too much?

Jerry Fusselman

Date: Wed, 08 Aug 2001 To: [email protected] From: Richard Knoppow [email protected]> Subject: Re: [Rollei] OT RFI: Super Ikonta you wrote: >Hello Rollei users, >I have purchased a super ikonta A. I am curious as to >the approximate year of manufacture. (Since the lens >is a Jena Tessar in Compur-Rapid, surely no later >than 1945.) I recall a web page listing tessar >serial numbers and years but I can't find it. >Can anyone give me a URL? >Imre Karafiath >Texas Harry Fleenor has a list of pre-war Zeiss serial numbers on his web site: http://www.jps.net/hfleenor/ Dating a camera by its lens requires the understanding that the lens may have been made some time before the camera. Lenses are usually made in batches and bought in the same way. So, its common for the lens to be a year or two older than the camera. According to McKeown's Guide the Super Ikonta A, also sold as the Super Ikomat, originated in 1934 and was made in various models until 1956. There should be a model number stamped into the handle or back. #530 dates from 1934 to 1937, #531 from 1937 to 1956. #530 has a direct frame finder, later models have Albada finders. #530 has a body release after from 1935. #531 made from 1950 have synch shutters and coated lenses. McKeown states that a few cameras were made with Zeiss Novar lenses and some just post-war cameras (c.1948) with Schneider Xenars. I am sure Marc has more, and perhaps, more accurate info. These look like perfectly practical cameras and are ceratinly small and light. The rangefinder used in the Super Ikonta series is very simple and quite accurate. The only moving part is a rotating wedge coupled to the front element of the lens. I believe the reputation for sharpness of Super Ikonta's is largely due to this excellent rangefinder. ---- Richard Knoppow Los Angeles,Ca. [email protected]
From: Duncan Ross [email protected]> Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format Subject: Re: Russian Copies of Super Ikonta C Date: Sun, 12 Aug 2001 Save yourself some time and go right to a Fuji or Mamiya. The difference in sharpness is huge. Having said that, sharpness is not everything and one of my most popular images was taken with a Zeiss Super Ikonta C. (http://duncanrossphoto.com/Catalog_of_Photographs/Niagara_Falls_Area/100214/100214.html) The slight softness adds to the image, but with another subject it could detract. My "hit rate" with the Mamiya 7 is 4 to 5 times higher than the Zeiss was. Framing, color rendition and sharpness are all improved. The Mockba was not worth using. At some point with the Zeiss or Mockba you will probably get frustrated that so many images did not turn out the way you wanted due to framing, flare, etc. John Blodgett wrote: > Has anyone heard anything good or bad about the Moskva 5 copies of the Zeiss > Super Ikonta C? I'm looking into either one, actually; of course the Zeiss > is preferable, but then I've a penchant for Holgas and Wocas so why not > Ruskies. ;-) > > I see a couple on eBay right now at good prices; curiously, though, one > shows the lens-mount part of the RF upside down, as if mismounted. -- Duncan Ross http://DuncanRossPhoto.com
From: [email protected] Subject: Re: [Rollei] 2.8F vs. 2.8GX vs. 6008i vs. Mamiya 7 To: [email protected] Date: Wed, 15 Aug 2001 Have you considered using the Fuji GW 670 III or GW 690 III rangefinders? They are equally light and have fantastic lenses. These cameras come with either a wide angle lens or a regular lens. You need two bodies if you want both focal lengths, because There is an older version of this camera the G690 a 6x9 rangefinder which came with interchangeable lenses from 65mm to 150mm. It is much heavier than the new versions, but still incredibly capable. Recently I acquired a GW 670 III and I can tell you from direct experience that it is a great camera to handle and light to carry. My pictures are not back yet, but they soon will. One note of caution with rangefinders - take the lens cap off. I forgot to do it on a couple of shots, to my embarrassment. Andrei D. Calciu (VA-4270)

Date: Sun, 27 Jan 2002 From: Mike [email protected] To: [email protected] Subject: Re: [medium-format] newbie questions you wrote: > I recently corresponded with an enthusiasic user > of the FUJI 645s and we both discussed why so little > he says his >"" is fantastic and a best kept secret. After having several very disappointing experiences with older leaf shutter, SLR MF cameras, (mostly Kowas), I got a Fuji GS645S Pro fixed wide 60mm rangefinder. It's everything that "serious" pro wannabes tell you never to get. It's lightweight. It's plastic. It's stuck with only one lens. It's a rangefinder. It's not expensive, trendy or in high demand. It's also one of the best cameras that I've ever had or heard of. I truly love this little camera and it's built-in simple meter. This one is not one of the newer auto-focus, point 'n shoots, but rather is so easy to use in it's all manual mode that once one gets accustomed to it, it's like an extention of the photographer. Personally, I like the fact that I don't have to keep up with extraneous gear or worry about what lens to use with it or haul around a luggage case to keep up with doodads for it. Just the small, lightweight camera in a fanny pack is enough. While 6x45 is not my favorite mf film format, I like this little camera so much that when I eventually get another mf camera, I'm pretty sure that it'll be another of Fuji's fine range finders. Mike Swaim


Date: Sun, 27 Oct 2002 From: Gordon Moat [email protected] Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format Subject: Re: Bronica Issues? I have compared the Mamiya and Bronica rangefinders several times. Both seem to fit well for hand held shooting, though there are noticeable differences. The biggest difference is the landscape bias of the Mamiya, and the portrait bias of the Bronica. I found that both can be repositioned for the other type of shot, though as a left eye shooter, I was more comfortable with the Bronica. If you were to do one type of shooting more than the other, than that might be a good reason to choose one. The viewfinders are also very different in the amount of information they display. The Bronica tells you much more of your settings than the Mamiya. This may or may not be important to you. I also thought the winders were fairly similar, though some of the other controls are noticeably different. I think the large grip on the Mamiya is a bit more comfortable than the Bronica. I like the exposure compensation dial placement on the Bronica. With the lens selection, the lines are somewhat comparable. It would be nice to find a 135 mm for the Bronica, though it is apparently hard to focus accurately when wide open. The 150 mm for the Mamiya does not have a very close focusing distance either, and it is tough to frame and focus through the viewfinder (maybe why there is an accessory finder). If you really want to shoot short telephoto, or any telephoto, an SLR would be a much better choice. I am more disappointed that neither company is exploring more of a super wide option, more like the Voigtl�nder 15 mm for 35 mm format rangefinders. Shooting normal and wide seem to be the best aspects of these rangefinder cameras. If your shooting would mostly fit into those realms, either would be a great choice. I find some of my photography conveniently within the framing from normal and wide lenses, so I am considering both for future acquisition, and I think both would make excellent full body, and portrait cameras. When I want to do a tight head shot, or shoot from a great distance, I will use an SLR, or grab my 35 mm gear. Ciao! Gordon Moat Alliance Graphique Studio http://www.allgstudio.com/gallery.html Craig Schroeder wrote: > I had decided that 90% of the pictures I have done in the past 5 years > could have been handled by a medium format rangefinder and have grown > tired of lugging my P67 kit around (or worse, leaving it home too many > times). > > My little Fuji folder 645 has served me well over time and I decided > that the 645 Bronica RF was sufficient for my work (never over and > rarely even, 16X20) from that experience. I was a little flustered > over their 135mm issue and abandonment as it showed the corporate > attitude toward commitments to their marketing promises. Magically, > the UK people and distributor could handle the specifics to making > this work but I've delayed my decision too long now and the 135's are > depleted. I've learned the hard way in other things that when the > bean counters get too much control, the customers tend to be who > ultimately pays and it spells the end of many good companies. Now I > hear (not substantiated by me) that they are abandoning the GS-1 line. > I'm becoming very paranoid about getting in bed with this outfit! The > GS-1 was one of my options when I went with the P67 system and the > decision was made on the Pentax almost by accident from having an > unused system come out of an estate settlement and into my lap. > > My Pentax (most of it) is ending a week of eBay listing this evening > and I was planning on buying a little used Bronica RF645 system from > an individual and ordering the remaining accessories from Robert > White. I handled a Mamiya 7 yesterday and was impressed by its > relative light weight and compactness. The glowing reviews of the 7's > optics and my comfort level with 6X7 experience has got me re-thinking > my path. Add to this, the Bronica/Tamron business decisions of late > and I'm becoming less convinced of my Bronica purchase. Any thoughts?


From: Alan Browne [email protected] Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.35mm Subject: Re: Range Finders Date: Mon, 23 Dec 2002 First of all there are afordable rangefinders, not just the stratospheric RF's. (Bessa-L is very cheap; Contax G1 in the middle). RF's advantages (v. SLR) in no particular order: -compact body arangement (no mirror or prism box) -lens sizes smaller for same f and a (since they are closer to the film plane) -because of the preceding point, easier to get higher quality in the glass for a given spec'd lens -quiet: no mirror slapping around (and they are manually cranked) -low light use: there is no mirror and prism sucking up the image. It is easier to manually focus in low light. SLR advantages: -generally lower priced due to mass appeal -wider range of lenses and other accessories -no paralax issues (RF users will say "what issues?". Generally at 10 feet or more away, no problem; at close ranges you need to be cognizant when composing (or leave room to crop)) -greater range of "features" in the cameras (which may or may not be al that useful) -metering modes -AF (The Contax RF's (G1, G2) state they are AF but in terms I don't understand: "Passive AF", "Active AF" which may mean optically and with some assist like an IR beam of light?) Others may pitch in other pros and cons (for each system), but the above is a good general roundup. Flippantly, you can only walk around with a smug superior tilt of the nose if you have a Leica. I've only tried an RF once and it is not that great a mystery. But it would take time to achieve real comfort. Cheers, Alan Jim Richardson wrote: > Hi All, > > What is the big deal with Range Finder 35mm cameras? I have recently gotten > back into using my old manual focus 35mm SLR and have been seeing a lot > about range finder cameras. I do like the size and the focusing sounds > nice, double overlaid images. The prices seem outrages. > > Thanks, > > Jim R. > > P.S. Just curious...


Date: Mon, 23 Dec 2002 From: Gordon Moat [email protected] Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.35mm Subject: Re: Range Finders There are quite a few 1970's era rangefinder cameras available for very low prices. Almost all of them were fixed lens designs, though several could produce quite nice results. Low light shooting is one advantage over many SLRs. Some people also find them somewhat easier to focus than SLRs. There is also a slight potential lens design advantage for wide angle lenses, due to the lack of a mirror, allowing the back of the lens to mount closer to the film plane. A rangefinder can also be more compact for the same reason (lack of flip up mirror), though not by a great deal with the more modern offerings. The very old pre-WW2 and early 1950's Contax, Leica, et al, are very compact rangefinder cameras, and can easily fit into a coat pocket. Collapsible lenses were also popular with some of these, with a few modern versions still available. More than the construction characteristics, the shooting methods are the big difference to an SLR. There is no black out of the viewfinder when the shutter button is pressed. Also, without a mirror to move, the shutter lag is often shorter than the majority of SLR cameras. The other viewfinder difference is the ability to see the scene just outside of the framing area of the lens. This slightly wider overall view can sometimes be an advantage for image composition. The current high new cost relates to a lack of competition in the rangefinder market. The focusing mechanism is actually fairly complex, requires some individual production line adjustments prior to shipping, and involves a substantial number of parts compared to many SLRs. Owning a rangefinder may be a good complimentary camera for many SLR users. A easy and inexpensive way to find if that method of shooting is right for you, is to buy an old fixed lens rangefinder from the 1970's. You may find out that you like it . . . or not . . . . Ciao! Gordon Moat Alliance Graphique Studio http://www.allgstudio.com


From: Stefan Patric [email protected] Subject: Re: MF rangefinder ??? Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format Date: Wed, 16 Apr 200 Le Grande Raoul wrote: > Stefan Patric [email protected] wrote: > >> Slavko Eror wrote: >> >> > Good for you. >> >> I'll ignore that. >> >> Instead of the Fuji GA645, why not take a look at a used Mamiya >> C-220? Yes, it's a twin lens reflex and not a rangefinder, but >> does have interchangeable lenses of very good quality, and you >> could get a >> nice setup -- body, 2 or 3 lenses -- for $500, if you shop. And >> it's >> not any bigger or heavier than the Mamiya 6. And it's a 6x6, too. >> I used one professionally for about 8 years. > > Again, good for you. Some people are adverse to waist-level viewing. > Add a porroprism and it's much bulkier and heavier. A good camera > but not within the specifications. When cost is the major deciding factor for a camera purchase, most times you're not going to satisfy all your specifications. Since he "liked", but couldn't afford the Mamiya 6, a 6x6 format and a rangefinder, I suggested an alternate 6x6 that was about the same size and weight, but a reflex. The Fuji GA645 isn't a rangefinder, either, which was what he mainly wanted, but is eyelevel viewing. >> >> FWIW: A few years ago, I had considered getting the Fuji as a >> compact, lightweight travel camera with professional grade optics >> for >> shooting stock. After handling one, I passed on it. Too >> "delicate." >> I figured either the AF or film advance motors would be the first >> thing to go, turning it into a very expensive doorstop. > > FWIW2: I had one. Used it hard. Gave it to 15 year old kids to use > for the school newspaper. Wore like iron. Strong, strong, > strong.... Only sold it because it no longer served one of my > purposes easily- as > a utility camera to shoot color negative film of the nephews. Now > use 35mm for that. Yes. You said in response to my query on this camera that you had it for 2 years and put about 100 to 150 rolls through it in that time. I don't consider an average of 4 to 6 rolls per month "hard use." I also don't find "auto" cameras very reliable under the rigors of professional shooting. Too delicate. I hear from pros, who are always complaining about how this AF lens or this AF body is down for repair. Such frequent complaints are not glowing endorsements for AF equipment, even the pro level stuff, and that, more or less, keeps me from making the sizeable investment to switch over from my all manual, all mechanical Nikons, which in the 25 years I've been using them have only had two failures: one motor drive broke a gear; and I wore out the shutters on 2 FM bodies. (Replaced them with FM2n's.) I have no idea how many rolls I've put through them. Thousands. Many thousands. I doubt MF AF equipment is any more reliable than the 35mm variety. I suppose one day, when there's no such thing as "manual" cameras, I'll have to take the plunge. Maybe, I'll die before then. ;-) -- Stefan Patric [email protected]


From: [email protected] (Ted Harris) Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.large-format Date: 29 Jun 2003 Subject: Re: Mamiya? The Mamiya Universal is a good solid but dated camedra with dated optics. I don't know what you mean by blowing out the wallet but you can get a Fuji GS690II or III (same lens slightly different body design) or GSW 690 II or III with a great contrasty rangefinder and one of the best lenses on the market today in the range of 600 used if you shop carefully. You can actually find the camera in the 900 range new sometimes. You can see results from a wide variety of photographers at www.fujirangefinder.com Ted Harris


From: Lourens Smak [email protected] Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format Subject: Re: Mamiya 6 Purchase Date: Thu, 14 Aug 2003 "Mike Jenkins" [email protected] wrote: > Hi, I'm thinking of purchasing a used Mamiya 6. I previously owned a Bronica > Etrsi 645. I now realize I should have gone 6x6. I'd like some opinions on > the advantages and disadvantages of the rangefinder vs. the slr type med. > format. What will limit you and what not is very personal of course, but some rangefinder points to consider are: + lightweight + compact size - no DOF-check - use of some filters is difficult or impossible (grad and pola) - no close-ups - smaller system of available lenses/motordrives etc. + very bright viewfinder, but: -/+ rangefinder focusing isn't for everyone... (maybe try before you buy...) - viewfinder image is small with telephoto lenses. + you can see the flash in the viewfinder, with flash-photography. Personally, I think a DOF-preview (or better: a bokeh-check...) is essential for at least some of the portraits I take. I also use my extension-tube a lot, and I sometimes use a polarizer. But, if you can live with the limitations and benefits it could be a great choice. ;-) Lourens


From: "Brian Ellis" [email protected] Newsgroups: rec.photo.equipment.medium-format Subject: Re: Mamiya 6 Purchase Date: Tue, 12 Aug 2003 6x6 wouldn't be my choice for either landscape or portraits but you seem to have already decided on the 6x6 format and now are concerned only with slr vs. rangefinder. Rangefinder cameras and their lenses tend to be smaller, lighter, and quieter than slrs so they're good for situations where those features are important (e.g. on vacations where you're doing a lot of walking, in a theatre or other gathering where you want to be unobtrusive, etc.). Landscape and portraits don't really fall in those categories except to the extent that you do a lot of lengthy hiking for your landscapes. The image also doesn't black out when the shutter is tripped with a rangefinder camera, which some people think is an advantage. Another advantage sometimes mentioned is that you can see outside the frame of the image produced by the lens that's on the camera so it's easier to envision other possibilities for the image, you can see people or things moving into the image, etc. OTOH, some people think the fact that you're not seeing what the lens is seeing, as you are with an slr, is a disadvantage. Downsides include the fact that accessories are limited, very long lenses usually don't exist, and wide angle lenses tend to be awkward to use. In a nutshell, I think of rangefinders as good for the mid-range of photography but not so good for the extremes - i.e. closeups and distances. If you explained what it is you don't like about the 645 format you're now using and why you think 6x6 will be an improvement you might get responses that are more tailored to your specific situation. You can learn the general advantages and disadvantages of rangefinder cameras vs. slrs with a few minutes reading in any basic photography book or probably on many web sites if you do a Google search. -- Images and Photography Information www.ellisgalleries.com "Mike Jenkins" [email protected] wrote > Hi, I'm thinking of purchasing a used Mamiya 6. I previously owned a Bronica > Etrsi 645. I now realize I should have gone 6x6. I'd like some opinions on > the advantages and disadvantages of the rangefinder vs. the slr type med. > format. > > Some questions I have are: How's the mamiya 6 do with portraits? > > Weddings? > Landscapes? > Black & White artsy stuff? > Street shots? > Whatever you feel might enlighten me will be most appreciated. Mike


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